It's heartening to sense that John Huston's 1982 film version of the Broadway musical "Annie" is yet another hastily dismissed, misunderstood title that has been - at long last - "rediscovered" and appreciated for the terrific movie musical that it is. Of course, it took more than 30 years and two inferior remakes to convince its detractors of its worthiness - a watered-down 1999 TV version and a grotesquely updated 2014 remake.
For the past three decades, people who don't "get" movie musicals - including professional critics whom one would think would know better (well, think again) - have indulged in snarky derision and bad jokes, exhibiting their abject cluelessness. And, for me, few things are as amusing as a dull white middle-aged male movie critic trying to be funny.
"Annie" joins a select list of movies initially written off, chief among them Alfred Hitchcock's "Vertigo" (1958) which, in its day, was harshly reviewed, to put it mildly. So much (again) for critics and their educated tastes.
"Annie" could certainly be included among the films recently celebrated by the Brooklyn Museum of Art (BAM) in its
"Turkeys for Thanksgiving" program, among them Joseph L. Mankiewicz's "Cleopatra," Michael Cimino's "Heaven's Gate," Francis Ford Coppola's "One from the Heart," Robert Altman's "Popeye," Peter Bogdanovich's "At Long Last Love" and Charles Chaplin's "Monsieur Verdoux." All really good films. "Folly or misunderstood masterpieces?," BAM asked in its promotion for the series.
Richard Brody, arguably the best movie critic writing today (although his official title is actually movie editor at The New Yorker), covered the BAM series on his New Yorker blog in a piece titled "These So-Called Bad Movies Prove the Urgency of Film Criticism," an essay you can read
here.
But back to "Annie." It's popularity as a "family-friendly" Broadway show (when there were precious few back in those days) is a given. Columbia Pictures sensed that it could be transferred rather seamlessly to the big screen and spent a then-record $9.5-million for the movie rights.
Producing chores were handed to Ray Stark, who had successfully overseen "Funny Girl" for Columbia years earlier, and Stark was given complete creative control to hire anyone he desired. He could have picked among the usual suspects to direct this valuable property but he (wisely) settled on Huston, a decidedly non-musical name but a real filmmaker.
This was a shrewd trend in the late 1970s and early '80s which answered the question, "How do the few remaining denizens in Hollywood who actually like musicals combat critics who, sight unseen, immediately declare every new movie musical 'an unmitigated, unwatchable disaster'?"
Answer: You bring in the Big Guns - Sidney Lumet to direct "The Wiz," Milos Foreman (!) to film "Hair" and Sir Richard Attenborough to take "A Chorus Line" from stage to screen. Surely, critics would approve, right?
Wrong. The critics nitpicked, even though both Huston and Foreman hit all the right notes, with Huston delivering a throwback. an old-fashioned movie musical, and Foreman helming the definitive version of "Hair."
In the case of Huston, it was the perfect mating of filmmaker and material. The director seemed to relate to his tough-willed little title character and, in nine-year-old Aileen Quinn, he found an effortlessly spunky kid who could have stepped out of a '30s Warners street film. And Quinn handily nailed the role.
Huston's other smart move was to bring in the great veteran Broadway choreographer Joe Layton to oversee all of his film's musical numbers and the then-new British choreographer Arlene Philips to stage all the dances.
Philips' exuberant, acrobatic staging of the film's "It's a Hard-Knock Life" number is a jaw-dropping knockout - hands-down. It gets better with each viewing, equalled by her breezy staging of Ann Reinking's "We Got Annie."
Which brings us to Huston's shrewd casting - Reinking, Bernadette Peters, Geoffrey Holder and Edward Hermann and Lois De Banzie (spot-on and Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt) from Broadway; Albert Finney from international cinema; Tim Curry from "The Rocky Horror Picture Show," and of course, Carol Burnett from, well, every medium imaginable.
And thanks to reader Kevin Barry for the gentle reminder of the crucial role that the legendary editor Margaret Booth played in "Annie," another astute hire. (Kevin's response is among the posted comments.)
That said, here are a few "Annie" factoids that add to the fascination of this terrific film:
Albert Finney's line-readings for Daddy Warbucks. Stark reportedly joked that Huston himself would be the perfect Warbucks. That gave Huston and Finney an idea: Finney appropriated Huston's vocal intonations for his performance. His line readings sound exactly like Huston speaking.
John Huston's own "cameo" in the film. The sonorous voice of the actor on the radio soap opera who seems to be talking directly to Carol Burnett (just prior to the "Little Girls" number) is ... Huston's.
Carol Burnett's performance. When the actress asked her director for a tip on how to perform Miss Hannigan, Huston made it simple:
"Play is soused." Burnett's performance is one long (witty) drunk scene.
Carol Burnett and Dorothy Loudon. When Carol Burnett exited as a regular on "The Garry Moore Show" to do the 1964 Broadway musical "Fade In, Fade Out," she was replaced by Dorothy Loudon. Loudon would go on to create the role of Miss Hannigan in "Annie" on Broadway and Burnett would replace her in the film. A nifty, circuitous happenstance.
The casting of Rooster Hannigan: Huston had his heart set on his "almost" son-in-law Jack Nicholson for a smallish role in "Annie" - as Miss Hannigan's incorrigible brother, Rooster. (Nicholson was romantically involved with Anjelica Huston at the time.) That would have been a hoot. Perfect casting. But even though it would have been a quick shoot for Nicholson, he had a scheduling conflict and Huston moved on and subsequently nabbed Tim Curry for the role. And Curry also proved to be a perfect Rooster Hannigan - wildly theatrical, juicily evil, in the role.
Prior to a recent TCM screening of "Annie," a Turner host erroneously reported that Nicholson was Huston's choice to play
Warbucks. This
misinformation (from
the “Annie” page on Turner's website) could have been easily fact-checked: The Nicholson-Rooster connection was widely reported prior to production. No, Albert Finney was Huston's sole choice to play Warbucks, which seemed curious at the time (even though Finney had previously sung on-screen in 1970's "Scrooge"), but it worked. Finney is just witty enough as Warbucks and his eyes expose his affection for Annie.
And Nicholson also previously sung on screen., but his rendition of Burton Lane and Alan Jay Lerner's "Who Is There Among Us Who Knows?" was cut from Vincente Minnelli's 1970 film musical, "On a Clear Day You Can See Forever." (Nicholson's song was included among other deleted movie musical numbers on an album released by Out Take Records.)
As for Huston and Finney, two years late,r they would collaborate again but on a film the polar opposite of "Annie" - "Under the Volcano," based on the Malcolm Lowry novel.
The return of two "Annie" characters from the strip: Huston reinstated the characters of Punjab (Holder) and Asp (Roger Minami) for his film version Neither character is in the stage musical. Which brings me to Carol Sobieski who adapted "Annie" for the screen, managing to honor not only Thomas Meehan's stage script but also the original Harold Gray cartoon strip. Sobieski, who died in 1990 at age 51, had previously worked for Stark, writing the screenplay for the fine 1978 Walter Matthau film, "Casey's Shadow." Two of her screenplays were filmed after she died - Jon Avnet's hugely popular "Fried Green Tomatoes" (1991), based on the Fannie Flagg book, and John Cusack's "Money for Nothing" (1993).
The original "Easy Street" number: Two versions of this memorable number were filmed. Philips originally staged it along the lines of "Who Will Buy?" from Sir
Carol Reed's 1968 version of "Oliver!" (choreographed by Onna White), on an outdoor set and backup dancers (pictured directly below). But producer Stark reportedly wasn't entirely happy with the finished
product and asked that the song be re-filmed - this time, in an indoor setting with a more intimate staging and with only Curry, Burnett and Peters performing (also pictured below).
I speculate the number also had to be re-recorded to accommodate the revised staging.
All of this was documented by Andrew J. Kuehn in his promotional documentary,
"Lights, Camera, Annie!", which was televised by ABC and broadcast prior to the film's release. Kuehn's film is a must-see for any movie-musical aficionado who has ever fantasized about going
behind-the-scenes and on set during the making of a film musical. It helps to
have an appreciation of Huston's film, of course, but that's not a
prerequisite.
This is fly-on-the-wall fun. Period.
There is ample footage of Huston, Layton, Stark and Phillips discussing the reinvention of the number as something smaller, with a few shots of "Easy Street" as it was originally conceived. Kuehn's work, narrated by
Gene McGarr and produced by Jim Washburn, goes beyond the promotional documentary genre and
sneakily slips us into meetings and on-set discussions, giving us an insider's insight into the making of a musical.
There are also on-set interviews with Finney, Burnett, Quinn, Peters, Curry,
Reinking and Holder and an extended sequence devoted to the auditions
for the title role among scores of little girls. The casting director got the
job done expeditiously by going up and down aisles of little girls, having each
one contribute to a on-going, non-stop version of "Tomorrow."
Each
girl picks up where the previous girl left off.
Carol Burnett discussed the filming of the two versions of "Easy Street" when she was a guest on Alec Baldwin's
”Here’s the Thing”
podcast on October 10
th.
Frankly, I'd love to know why Sony Home Entertainment didn't include Kuehn's
documentary or the original "Easy Street" staging on its recent reissue of the "Annie" DVD as bonus
features, instead of an updated "rap" version
of "It's a Hard-Knock Life" by some generic teen group - an ominous inclusion that anticipated Columbia's dubious 2014 remake.
The song score: The stage songs dropped from the movie were "We'd Like to Thank You, Herbert Hoover," "N.Y.C.," "You Make Me Happy," "You Won't Be an Orphan for Long," "Why Should I Change a Thing?," "Something Was Missing" and "A New Deal for Christmas." New songs added to the film were "We Got Annie," "Dumb Dog"/"Sandy," "Let's Go to the Movies" and "Sign." All songs, for both the play and the film, were written by Charles Strouse (music) and Martin Charnin (lyrics). Charnin has directed seemingly umpteen stage revivals of the show. It's his baby.
Strouse also wrote the music for "Bye Bye Birdie" (with Lee Adams doing the lyrics) and I've a hunch that all those dropped "Annie" songs brought back unpleasant memories of when the same studio, namely Columbia, filmed (and unnecessarily truncated) "Bye Bye Birdie" back in 1963.
I can't say I particularly miss the deleted stage songs, but the "We Got Annie" number is wonderful, so wonderful that I'm surprised Strouse and Charnin never incorporated into the subsequent stage revivals of "Annie."
"Live" versus Dubbing: Although most of the songs for "Annie" were pre-recorded, there are areas of the film when the performers sung "live" on set, most notably Carol Burnett's rendition of "Little Girls." Finney sings a "live" reprise of "Maybe" and the opening portion of "Easy Street" is sung "live" by Curry, Peters and Burnett. Huston used the show's signature song, "Tomorrow," over the opening credits (in lieu of an overture), sung by Quinn who later in the film sings it "live" (sweetly and with no musical accompaniment) to Hermann and De Banzie. When Finney, Hermann and De Banzie join her in a quick reprise, the song is lip-synced and scored.
The film's one oddity: One of the film's highlights - the "Let's Go to the Movies," shot it the magnificent Radio City Music Hall - is marred when the film stops cold to screen assorted scenes from George Cukor's "Camille" (1936) with Greta Garbo and Robert Taylor. Huh? My assumption has always been that "Camille" was one of Ray Stark's favorite films - an assumption never confirmed. I can't think of any other reason for its inclusion. Otherwise, it beats me. But that one blemish aside, at least we get great shots of the Music Hall's cavernous lobby. Gorgeous.
And there you have it... All about "Annie."
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~images~
(from top)
~Director John Huston with his film's little girls, including title star Aileen Quinn (right of Huston) and the late Amanda Peterson (next to Quinn).
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982 ©
~Quinn with Albert Finney as Daddy Warbucks
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982 ©
~Ann Reinking in the "We Got Annie" production number
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982 ©
~Carol Burnett as Miss Hannigan
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982 ©
~Burnett with Bernadette Peters and Tim Curry perform the second, revised version of "Easy Street"
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982 ©
~Huston does his bit
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982 ©
~Quinn shows her stuff
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982 ©
~Lois DeBanzie, Finney, Quinn and Edward Hermann as FDR perform a toned-down version of "Tomorrow"
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982 ©
~Quinn confers with Finney and Huston
~photography: Sony Pictures 1982©
The sublime Julie Andrews has a new book to pitch - "Home Work: A Memoir of My Hollywood Years" (Hatchett Books) - and, not surprisingly, for the occasion, she'll join Ben Mankiewicz on Tuesday evening for what I anticipate will be another swell Turner Classic Movies conversation.
